How Can We Save Sharks?

  When people talk of the sea, they will speculate over what creature is most dangerous within it. Killer whales? Chevron barracuda? Belcher sea snakes? Even tuna and dolphins are dangerous in their own right.

  Time and time again, the answer ends at "shark", or more specifically, "the great white shark". This overwhelmingly common misconception has driven people to fear of such fascinating creatures. How is it possible for those who are dedicated to sharks to alter the majorities' perception of these glorious animals as the scourge of the sea?

  But this is far from the most absurd aspect of the perception. What is is the following: people know that sharks are not the cold blooded killers they have many times been portrayed as. People know that they are more likely to be struck by lightning than be attacked by a shark. And yet, many still refuse to alter their misguided perceptions. The abhorrent description of sharks in the aforementioned manner has struck them to the bone with sheer terror.

  The far spread knowledge of sharks is often rejected by those who do not want to listen; by those too scared and too foolish to change before it is too late, and the sharks have left our oceans, have been eradicated from our seas.

  Why is it that people can not change?

  This mountain is one the human race must overcome together; this mountain is one the human race have to climb. The time for evading the situation, the time for walking around the mountain instead of scaling it, is over. Together, we must face up to the problem and defeat it before the worst comes.
  It is not unimaginable that some of those who read this will be confused as to how people can "evade" the situation. The following quotation is from Aaron MacNeil of the Australian Institute of Marine Science, interviewed by the BBC on the subject of Hákarl, an Arctic delicacy made of Greenland shark.

"It probably won't catch on enough to threaten the species."

  In the case of Hákarl, this is likely to be true, as this food is considered by many as the most disgusting nourishment on the planet. However, such statements are made, and have been made, many a time by those who underestimate the danger sharks face this very day. This is the meaning of "evasion". The failure to accept that the human race was wrong and still is. Not only that, but it is the failure to make action towards helping this necessary cause, and the failure to want to as well.

  All said, it is true that many people and governments are slowly making amends to humanities errors: Barrack Obama, President of the United States of America recently ordered the protection of 490,000 square miles of ocean between Hawaii and American Samoa. This protects the vast area from fishing and extraction of sea minerals. Due to its location, this marine reserve, originally pioneered by President George Bush in 2009, will protect hundred of thousands, if not millions of sharks, spanning multitudes of species.

  This admirable memorandum is a step along the path to save sharks. A small step, it is true, on a long path which will force its walkers to climb a great many mountains, but then, the late Neil Armstrong's motivational words as he became the first human ever to step on the moon:

"One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind."

  It was but a small step. But it triggered dozens more successful moon landings and has inspired people to this day. The one small step made by Barrack Obama could also trigger inspiration of such a fashion, and if it does, a bright, glistening future for sharks could be well within humanity's reach.

  If every person in the world could make an effort, no matter how small, human kind could soon fix what it has broken over centuries of abusing the oceans and, moreover, the sharks within them.

Dangers to Sharks Part I

  Over the next few months, I will be publishing new posts on dangers to sharks. Each post will be about a different shark.

So what creatures pose a threat to sharks in the watery world they seem to lord over? The answer is that several do. Of course, all this varies depending on which type of shark you are talking about.

  Let’s start with the more imposing of the sharks: the great white. Many see this as king of the sea, mighty lord of all marine life. They are mistaken. Throughout its life, a great white shark will have a minimum of two threats to it. The one permanent threat is human beings. The reasons why- although none are good reasons for it, there cannot be a good one- I have mentioned countless times elsewhere on the blog. As a pup, the threat to great whites comes from octopi. These creatures will wrap a long, suckered tentacle around the shark’s body and reel it in, either for food or protection. Another danger comes from their brothers in arms, for if several great white pups were to be attracted to one, small sized piece of food, there is a chance that they would do damage to each other in order to eat it. 

  As adolescents, these sharks tend to travel between warm coastal waters around the world. These include the Great Barrier Reef, South Africa - for the yearly sardine run - Northern Africa and Southern Europe in the Mediterranean Sea and finally, in some of America's most popular beaches like Florida and Hawaii. Travelling between these places, however, leaves them open to a new danger: adult bull sharks. These sharks do not so much attack to find a meal - there are many easier pickings in these areas like dolphins, turtles, squid and large fish - but to rid themselves of a competitor for food and territory. 

  Finally, as adults, these sharks face a peril more terrible than those it has faced before: killer whales. Although, as their misleading name suggests, many people believe these are the smallest type of whale, they have been, in truth, recently reclassified as dolphins. They often travel in large packs and even when they are alone they do not hesitate to attack a great white. These amazing creatures from the deep always use the same tactics: the killer whale launches towards the great white's side, clamping its massive jaws around the middle of the shark. It then tosses the badly bleeding creature into the air. Sometimes, if the shark is badly hurt enough for there to be no risk of an attack in mid-air, the killer whale will leap after it and grab it again just to show off. If the shark continues to thrash about, then the killer whale will grab it in the middle with its jaws (again) and clamp down as tight as possible. It will race through the water like this, shaking its head while the shark fops like a rag-doll, until its nemesis is dead.
  
  So there you have it, despite its fearsome reputation as king of the seas, the great white shark will always have another creature capable of killing it.

A great white shark feeding on a large school of fish.